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db.php

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  • db.php 24.78 KiB
    <?php
    /**
     * ownCloud
     *
     * @author Frank Karlitschek
     * @copyright 2012 Frank Karlitschek frank@owncloud.org
     *
     * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
     * modify it under the terms of the GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
     * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
     * version 3 of the License, or any later version.
     *
     * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
     * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
     * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
     * GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE for more details.
     *
     * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public
     * License along with this library.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
     *
     */
    
    class DatabaseException extends Exception{
    	private $query;
    
    	public function __construct($message, $query){
    		parent::__construct($message);
    		$this->query = $query;
    	}
    
    	public function getQuery(){
    		return $this->query;
    	}
    }
    
    /**
     * This class manages the access to the database. It basically is a wrapper for
     * MDB2 with some adaptions.
     */
    class OC_DB {
    	const BACKEND_PDO=0;
    	const BACKEND_MDB2=1;
    
    	/**
    	 * @var MDB2_Driver_Common
    	 */
    	static private $connection; //the prefered connection to use, either PDO or MDB2
    	static private $backend=null;
    	/**
    	 * @var MDB2_Driver_Common
    	 */
    	static private $MDB2=null;
    	/**
    	 * @var PDO
    	 */
    	static private $PDO=null;
    	/**
    	 * @var MDB2_Schema
    	 */
    	static private $schema=null;
    	static private $inTransaction=false;
    	static private $prefix=null;
    	static private $type=null;
    
    	/**
    	 * check which backend we should use
    	 * @return int BACKEND_MDB2 or BACKEND_PDO
    	 */
    	private static function getDBBackend() {
    		//check if we can use PDO, else use MDB2 (installation always needs to be done my mdb2)
    		if(class_exists('PDO') && OC_Config::getValue('installed', false)) {
    			$type = OC_Config::getValue( "dbtype", "sqlite" );
    			if($type=='oci') { //oracle also always needs mdb2
    				return self::BACKEND_MDB2;
    			}
    			if($type=='sqlite3') $type='sqlite';
    			$drivers=PDO::getAvailableDrivers();
    			if(array_search($type, $drivers)!==false) {
    				return self::BACKEND_PDO;
    			}
    		}
    		return self::BACKEND_MDB2;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @brief connects to the database
    	 * @param int $backend
    	 * @return bool true if connection can be established or false on error
    	 *
    	 * Connects to the database as specified in config.php
    	 */
    	public static function connect($backend=null) {
    		if(self::$connection) {
    			return true;
    		}
    		if(is_null($backend)) {
    			$backend=self::getDBBackend();
    		}
    		if($backend==self::BACKEND_PDO) {
    			$success = self::connectPDO();
    			self::$connection=self::$PDO;
    			self::$backend=self::BACKEND_PDO;
    		}else{
    			$success = self::connectMDB2();
    			self::$connection=self::$MDB2;
    			self::$backend=self::BACKEND_MDB2;
    		}
    		return $success;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * connect to the database using pdo
    	 *
    	 * @return bool
    	 */
    	public static function connectPDO() {
    		if(self::$connection) {
    			if(self::$backend==self::BACKEND_MDB2) {
    				self::disconnect();
    			}else{
    				return true;
    			}
    		}
    		// The global data we need
    		$name = OC_Config::getValue( "dbname", "owncloud" );
    		$host = OC_Config::getValue( "dbhost", "" );
    		$user = OC_Config::getValue( "dbuser", "" );
    		$pass = OC_Config::getValue( "dbpassword", "" );
    		$type = OC_Config::getValue( "dbtype", "sqlite" );
    		if(strpos($host, ':')) {
    			list($host, $port)=explode(':', $host, 2);
    		}else{
    			$port=false;
    		}
    		$opts = array();
    		$datadir=OC_Config::getValue( "datadirectory", OC::$SERVERROOT.'/data' );
    
    		// do nothing if the connection already has been established
    		if(!self::$PDO) {
    			// Add the dsn according to the database type
    			switch($type) {
    				case 'sqlite':
    					$dsn='sqlite2:'.$datadir.'/'.$name.'.db';
    					break;
    				case 'sqlite3':
    					$dsn='sqlite:'.$datadir.'/'.$name.'.db';
    					break;
    				case 'mysql':
    					if($port) {
    						$dsn='mysql:dbname='.$name.';host='.$host.';port='.$port;
    					}else{
    						$dsn='mysql:dbname='.$name.';host='.$host;
    					}
    					$opts[PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND] = "SET NAMES 'UTF8'";
    					break;
    				case 'pgsql':
    					if($port) {
    						$dsn='pgsql:dbname='.$name.';host='.$host.';port='.$port;
    					}else{
    						$dsn='pgsql:dbname='.$name.';host='.$host;
    					}
    					/**
    					* Ugly fix for pg connections pbm when password use spaces
    					*/
    					$e_user = addslashes($user);
    					$e_password = addslashes($pass);
    					$pass = $user = null;
    					$dsn .= ";user='$e_user';password='$e_password'";
    					/** END OF FIX***/
    					break;
    				case 'oci': // Oracle with PDO is unsupported
    					if ($port) {
    							$dsn = 'oci:dbname=//' . $host . ':' . $port . '/' . $name;
    					} else {
    							$dsn = 'oci:dbname=//' . $host . '/' . $name;
    					}
    					break;
    				default:
    					return false;
    			}
    			try{
    				self::$PDO=new PDO($dsn, $user, $pass, $opts);
    			}catch(PDOException $e) {
    				OC_Template::printErrorPage( 'can not connect to database, using '.$type.'. ('.$e->getMessage().')' );
    			}
    			// We always, really always want associative arrays
    			self::$PDO->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE, PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    			self::$PDO->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
    		}
    		return true;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * connect to the database using mdb2
    	 */
    	public static function connectMDB2() {
    		if(self::$connection) {
    			if(self::$backend==self::BACKEND_PDO) {
    				self::disconnect();
    			}else{
    				return true;
    			}
    		}
    		// The global data we need
    		$name = OC_Config::getValue( "dbname", "owncloud" );
    		$host = OC_Config::getValue( "dbhost", "" );
    		$user = OC_Config::getValue( "dbuser", "" );
    		$pass = OC_Config::getValue( "dbpassword", "" );
    		$type = OC_Config::getValue( "dbtype", "sqlite" );
    		$SERVERROOT=OC::$SERVERROOT;
    		$datadir=OC_Config::getValue( "datadirectory", "$SERVERROOT/data" );
    
    		// do nothing if the connection already has been established
    		if(!self::$MDB2) {
    			// Require MDB2.php (not required in the head of the file so we only load it when needed)
    			require_once 'MDB2.php';
    
    			// Prepare options array
    			$options = array(
    			  'portability' => MDB2_PORTABILITY_ALL - MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_CASE,
    			  'log_line_break' => '<br>',
    			  'idxname_format' => '%s',
    			  'debug' => true,
    			  'quote_identifier' => true  );
    
    			// Add the dsn according to the database type
    			switch($type) {
    				case 'sqlite':
    				case 'sqlite3':
    					$dsn = array(
    						'phptype'  => $type,
    						'database' => "$datadir/$name.db",
    						'mode' => '0644'
    					);
    					break;
    				case 'mysql':
    					$dsn = array(
    						'phptype'  => 'mysql',
    						'username' => $user,
    						'password' => $pass,
    						'hostspec' => $host,
    						'database' => $name
    					);
    					break;
    				case 'pgsql':
    					$dsn = array(
    						'phptype'  => 'pgsql',
    						'username' => $user,
    						'password' => $pass,
    						'hostspec' => $host,
    						'database' => $name
    					);
    					break;
    				case 'oci':
    					$dsn = array(
    							'phptype'  => 'oci8',
    							'username' => $user,
    							'password' => $pass,
    							'charset' => 'AL32UTF8',
    					);
    					if ($host != '') {
    						$dsn['hostspec'] = $host;
    						$dsn['database'] = $name;
    					} else { // use dbname for hostspec
    						$dsn['hostspec'] = $name;
    						$dsn['database'] = $user;
    					}
    					break;
    				default:
    					return false;
    			}
    
    			// Try to establish connection
    			self::$MDB2 = MDB2::factory( $dsn, $options );
    
    			// Die if we could not connect
    			if( PEAR::isError( self::$MDB2 )) {
    				OC_Log::write('core', self::$MDB2->getUserInfo(), OC_Log::FATAL);
    				OC_Log::write('core', self::$MDB2->getMessage(), OC_Log::FATAL);
    				OC_Template::printErrorPage( 'can not connect to database, using '.$type.'. ('.self::$MDB2->getUserInfo().')' );
    			}
    
    			// We always, really always want associative arrays
    			self::$MDB2->setFetchMode(MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC);
    		}
    
    		// we are done. great!
    		return true;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @brief Prepare a SQL query
    	 * @param string $query Query string
    	 * @param int $limit
    	 * @param int $offset
    	 * @return MDB2_Statement_Common prepared SQL query
    	 *
    	 * SQL query via MDB2 prepare(), needs to be execute()'d!
    	 */
    	static public function prepare( $query , $limit=null, $offset=null ) {
    
    		if (!is_null($limit) && $limit != -1) {
    			if (self::$backend == self::BACKEND_MDB2) {
    				//MDB2 uses or emulates limits & offset internally
    				self::$MDB2->setLimit($limit, $offset);
    			} else {
    				//PDO does not handle limit and offset.
    				//FIXME: check limit notation for other dbs
    				//the following sql thus might needs to take into account db ways of representing it
    				//(oracle has no LIMIT / OFFSET)
    				$limit = (int)$limit;
    				$limitsql = ' LIMIT ' . $limit;
    				if (!is_null($offset)) {
    					$offset = (int)$offset;
    					$limitsql .= ' OFFSET ' . $offset;
    				}
    				//insert limitsql
    				if (substr($query, -1) == ';') { //if query ends with ;
    					$query = substr($query, 0, -1) . $limitsql . ';';
    				} else {
    					$query.=$limitsql;
    				}
    			}
    		}
    
    		// Optimize the query
    		$query = self::processQuery( $query );
    
    		self::connect();
    		// return the result
    		if(self::$backend==self::BACKEND_MDB2) {
    			$result = self::$connection->prepare( $query );
    
    			// Die if we have an error (error means: bad query, not 0 results!)
    			if( PEAR::isError($result)) {
    				throw new DatabaseException($result->getMessage(), $query);
    			}
    		}else{
    			try{
    				$result=self::$connection->prepare($query);
    			}catch(PDOException $e) {
    				throw new DatabaseException($e->getMessage(), $query);
    			}
    			$result=new PDOStatementWrapper($result);
    		}
    		return $result;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @brief gets last value of autoincrement
    	 * @param string $table The optional table name (will replace *PREFIX*) and add sequence suffix
    	 * @return int id
    	 *
    	 * MDB2 lastInsertID()
    	 *
    	 * Call this method right after the insert command or other functions may
    	 * cause trouble!
    	 */
    	public static function insertid($table=null) {
    		self::connect();
    		$type = OC_Config::getValue( "dbtype", "sqlite" );
    		if( $type == 'pgsql' ) {
    			$query = self::prepare('SELECT lastval() AS id');
    			$row = $query->execute()->fetchRow();
    			return $row['id'];
    		}else{
    			if($table !== null) {
    				$prefix = OC_Config::getValue( "dbtableprefix", "oc_" );
    				$suffix = OC_Config::getValue( "dbsequencesuffix", "_id_seq" );
    				$table = str_replace( '*PREFIX*', $prefix, $table ).$suffix;
    			}
    			return self::$connection->lastInsertId($table);
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @brief Disconnect
    	 * @return bool
    	 *
    	 * This is good bye, good bye, yeah!
    	 */
    	public static function disconnect() {
    		// Cut connection if required
    		if(self::$connection) {
    			if(self::$backend==self::BACKEND_MDB2) {
    				self::$connection->disconnect();
    			}
    			self::$connection=false;
    			self::$MDB2=false;
    			self::$PDO=false;
    		}
    
    		return true;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @brief saves database scheme to xml file
    	 * @param string $file name of file
    	 * @param int $mode
    	 * @return bool
    	 *
    	 * TODO: write more documentation
    	 */
    	public static function getDbStructure( $file, $mode=MDB2_SCHEMA_DUMP_STRUCTURE) {
    		self::connectScheme();
    
    		// write the scheme
    		$definition = self::$schema->getDefinitionFromDatabase();
    		$dump_options = array(
    			'output_mode' => 'file',
    			'output' => $file,
    			'end_of_line' => "\n"
    		);
    		self::$schema->dumpDatabase( $definition, $dump_options, $mode );
    
    		return true;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @brief Creates tables from XML file
    	 * @param string $file file to read structure from
    	 * @return bool
    	 *
    	 * TODO: write more documentation
    	 */
    	public static function createDbFromStructure( $file ) {
    		$CONFIG_DBNAME  = OC_Config::getValue( "dbname", "owncloud" );
    		$CONFIG_DBTABLEPREFIX = OC_Config::getValue( "dbtableprefix", "oc_" );
    		$CONFIG_DBTYPE = OC_Config::getValue( "dbtype", "sqlite" );
    
    		self::connectScheme();
    
    		// read file
    		$content = file_get_contents( $file );
    
    		// Make changes and save them to an in-memory file
    		$file2 = 'static://db_scheme';
    		$content = str_replace( '*dbname*', $CONFIG_DBNAME, $content );
    		$content = str_replace( '*dbprefix*', $CONFIG_DBTABLEPREFIX, $content );
    		/* FIXME: use CURRENT_TIMESTAMP for all databases. mysql supports it as a default for DATETIME since 5.6.5 [1]
    		 * as a fallback we could use <default>0000-01-01 00:00:00</default> everywhere
    		 * [1] http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=27645
    		 * http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/timestamp-initialization.html
    		 * http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/functions-datetime.html
    		 * http://www.sqlite.org/lang_createtable.html
    		 * http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14200/functions037.htm
    		 */
    		 if( $CONFIG_DBTYPE == 'pgsql' ) { //mysql support it too but sqlite doesn't
    				 $content = str_replace( '<default>0000-00-00 00:00:00</default>', '<default>CURRENT_TIMESTAMP</default>', $content );
    		 }
    
    		file_put_contents( $file2, $content );
    
    		// Try to create tables
    		$definition = self::$schema->parseDatabaseDefinitionFile( $file2 );
    
    		//clean up memory
    		unlink( $file2 );
    
    		// Die in case something went wrong
    		if( $definition instanceof MDB2_Schema_Error ) {
    			OC_Template::printErrorPage( $definition->getMessage().': '.$definition->getUserInfo() );
    		}
    		if(OC_Config::getValue('dbtype', 'sqlite')==='oci') {
    			unset($definition['charset']); //or MDB2 tries SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
    			$oldname = $definition['name'];
    			$definition['name']=OC_Config::getValue( "dbuser", $oldname );
    		}
    
    		$ret=self::$schema->createDatabase( $definition );
    
    		// Die in case something went wrong
    		if( $ret instanceof MDB2_Error ) {
    			OC_Template::printErrorPage( self::$MDB2->getDebugOutput().' '.$ret->getMessage() . ': ' . $ret->getUserInfo() );
    		}
    
    		return true;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @brief update the database scheme
    	 * @param string $file file to read structure from
    	 * @return bool
    	 */
    	public static function updateDbFromStructure($file) {
    		$CONFIG_DBTABLEPREFIX = OC_Config::getValue( "dbtableprefix", "oc_" );
    		$CONFIG_DBTYPE = OC_Config::getValue( "dbtype", "sqlite" );
    
    		self::connectScheme();
    
    		// read file
    		$content = file_get_contents( $file );
    
    		$previousSchema = self::$schema->getDefinitionFromDatabase();
    		if (PEAR::isError($previousSchema)) {
    			$error = $previousSchema->getMessage();
    			$detail = $previousSchema->getDebugInfo();
    			OC_Log::write('core', 'Failed to get existing database structure for upgrading ('.$error.', '.$detail.')', OC_Log::FATAL);
    			return false;
    		}
    
    		// Make changes and save them to an in-memory file
    		$file2 = 'static://db_scheme';
    		$content = str_replace( '*dbname*', $previousSchema['name'], $content );
    		$content = str_replace( '*dbprefix*', $CONFIG_DBTABLEPREFIX, $content );
    		/* FIXME: use CURRENT_TIMESTAMP for all databases. mysql supports it as a default for DATETIME since 5.6.5 [1]
    		 * as a fallback we could use <default>0000-01-01 00:00:00</default> everywhere
    		 * [1] http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=27645
    		 * http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/timestamp-initialization.html
    		 * http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/functions-datetime.html
    		 * http://www.sqlite.org/lang_createtable.html
    		 * http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14200/functions037.htm
    		 */
    		if( $CONFIG_DBTYPE == 'pgsql' ) { //mysql support it too but sqlite doesn't
    			$content = str_replace( '<default>0000-00-00 00:00:00</default>', '<default>CURRENT_TIMESTAMP</default>', $content );
    		}
    		file_put_contents( $file2, $content );
    		$op = self::$schema->updateDatabase($file2, $previousSchema, array(), false);
    
    		//clean up memory
    		unlink( $file2 );
    
    		if (PEAR::isError($op)) {
    			$error = $op->getMessage();
    			$detail = $op->getDebugInfo();
    			OC_Log::write('core', 'Failed to update database structure ('.$error.', '.$detail.')', OC_Log::FATAL);
    			return false;
    		}
    		return true;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @brief connects to a MDB2 database scheme
    	 * @returns bool
    	 *
    	 * Connects to a MDB2 database scheme
    	 */
    	private static function connectScheme() {
    		// We need a mdb2 database connection
    		self::connectMDB2();
    		self::$MDB2->loadModule('Manager');
    		self::$MDB2->loadModule('Reverse');
    
    		// Connect if this did not happen before
    		if(!self::$schema) {
    			require_once 'MDB2/Schema.php';
    			self::$schema=MDB2_Schema::factory(self::$MDB2);
    		}
    
    		return true;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @brief Insert a row if a matching row doesn't exists.
    	 * @param string $table. The table to insert into in the form '*PREFIX*tableName'
    	 * @param array $input. An array of fieldname/value pairs
    	 * @returns The return value from PDOStatementWrapper->execute()
    	 */
    	public static function insertIfNotExist($table, $input) {
    		self::connect();
    		$prefix = OC_Config::getValue( "dbtableprefix", "oc_" );
    		$table = str_replace( '*PREFIX*', $prefix, $table );
    
    		if(is_null(self::$type)) {
    			self::$type=OC_Config::getValue( "dbtype", "sqlite" );
    		}
    		$type = self::$type;
    
    		$query = '';
    		// differences in escaping of table names ('`' for mysql) and getting the current timestamp
    		if( $type == 'sqlite' || $type == 'sqlite3' ) {
    			// NOTE: For SQLite we have to use this clumsy approach
    			// otherwise all fieldnames used must have a unique key.
    			$query = 'SELECT * FROM "' . $table . '" WHERE ';
    			foreach($input as $key => $value) {
    				$query .= $key . " = '" . $value . '\' AND ';
    			}
    			$query = substr($query, 0, strlen($query) - 5);
    			try {
    				$stmt = self::prepare($query);
    				$result = $stmt->execute();
    			} catch(PDOException $e) {
    				$entry = 'DB Error: "'.$e->getMessage() . '"<br />';
    				$entry .= 'Offending command was: ' . $query . '<br />';
    				OC_Log::write('core', $entry, OC_Log::FATAL);
    				error_log('DB error: '.$entry);
    				OC_Template::printErrorPage( $entry );
    			}
    			
    			if($result->numRows() == 0) {
    				$query = 'INSERT INTO "' . $table . '" ("'
    					. implode('","', array_keys($input)) . '") VALUES("'
    					. implode('","', array_values($input)) . '")';
    			} else {
    				return true;
    			}
    		} elseif( $type == 'pgsql' || $type == 'oci' || $type == 'mysql') {
    			$query = 'INSERT INTO `' .$table . '` ('
    				. implode(',', array_keys($input)) . ') SELECT \''
    				. implode('\',\'', array_values($input)) . '\' FROM ' . $table . ' WHERE ';
    
    			foreach($input as $key => $value) {
    				$query .= $key . " = '" . $value . '\' AND ';
    			}
    			$query = substr($query, 0, strlen($query) - 5);
    			$query .= ' HAVING COUNT(*) = 0';
    		}
    
    		// TODO: oci should be use " (quote) instead of ` (backtick).
    		//OC_Log::write('core', __METHOD__ . ', type: ' . $type . ', query: ' . $query, OC_Log::DEBUG);
    
    		try {
    			$result = self::prepare($query);
    		} catch(PDOException $e) {
    			$entry = 'DB Error: "'.$e->getMessage() . '"<br />';
    			$entry .= 'Offending command was: ' . $query.'<br />';
    			OC_Log::write('core', $entry, OC_Log::FATAL);
    			error_log('DB error: ' . $entry);
    			OC_Template::printErrorPage( $entry );
    		}
    
    		return $result->execute();
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * @brief does minor changes to query
    	 * @param string $query Query string
    	 * @return string corrected query string
    	 *
    	 * This function replaces *PREFIX* with the value of $CONFIG_DBTABLEPREFIX
    	 * and replaces the ` with ' or " according to the database driver.
    	 */
    	private static function processQuery( $query ) {
    		self::connect();
    		// We need Database type and table prefix
    		if(is_null(self::$type)) {
    			self::$type=OC_Config::getValue( "dbtype", "sqlite" );
    		}
    		$type = self::$type;
    		if(is_null(self::$prefix)) {
    			self::$prefix=OC_Config::getValue( "dbtableprefix", "oc_" );
    		}
    		$prefix = self::$prefix;
    
    		// differences in escaping of table names ('`' for mysql) and getting the current timestamp
    		if( $type == 'sqlite' || $type == 'sqlite3' ) {
    			$query = str_replace( '`', '"', $query );
    			$query = str_ireplace( 'NOW()', 'datetime(\'now\')', $query );
    			$query = str_ireplace( 'UNIX_TIMESTAMP()', 'strftime(\'%s\',\'now\')', $query );
    		}elseif( $type == 'pgsql' ) {
    			$query = str_replace( '`', '"', $query );
    			$query = str_ireplace( 'UNIX_TIMESTAMP()', 'cast(extract(epoch from current_timestamp) as integer)', $query );
    		}elseif( $type == 'oci'  ) {
    			$query = str_replace( '`', '"', $query );
    			$query = str_ireplace( 'NOW()', 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP', $query );
    		}
    
    		// replace table name prefix
    		$query = str_replace( '*PREFIX*', $prefix, $query );
    
    		return $query;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @brief drop a table
    	 * @param string $tableName the table to drop
    	 */
    	public static function dropTable($tableName) {
    		self::connectMDB2();
    		self::$MDB2->loadModule('Manager');
    		self::$MDB2->dropTable($tableName);
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * remove all tables defined in a database structure xml file
    	 * @param string $file the xml file describing the tables
    	 */
    	public static function removeDBStructure($file) {
    		$CONFIG_DBNAME  = OC_Config::getValue( "dbname", "owncloud" );
    		$CONFIG_DBTABLEPREFIX = OC_Config::getValue( "dbtableprefix", "oc_" );
    		self::connectScheme();
    
    		// read file
    		$content = file_get_contents( $file );
    
    		// Make changes and save them to a temporary file
    		$file2 = tempnam( get_temp_dir(), 'oc_db_scheme_' );
    		$content = str_replace( '*dbname*', $CONFIG_DBNAME, $content );
    		$content = str_replace( '*dbprefix*', $CONFIG_DBTABLEPREFIX, $content );
    		file_put_contents( $file2, $content );
    
    		// get the tables
    		$definition = self::$schema->parseDatabaseDefinitionFile( $file2 );
    
    		// Delete our temporary file
    		unlink( $file2 );
    		$tables=array_keys($definition['tables']);
    		foreach($tables as $table) {
    			self::dropTable($table);
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @brief replaces the owncloud tables with a new set
    	 * @param $file string path to the MDB2 xml db export file
    	 */
    	public static function replaceDB( $file ) {
    		$apps = OC_App::getAllApps();
    		self::beginTransaction();
    		// Delete the old tables
    		self::removeDBStructure( OC::$SERVERROOT . '/db_structure.xml' );
    
    		foreach($apps as $app) {
    			$path = OC_App::getAppPath($app).'/appinfo/database.xml';
    			if(file_exists($path)) {
    				self::removeDBStructure( $path );
    			}
    		}
    
    		// Create new tables
    		self::createDBFromStructure( $file );
    		self::commit();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * Start a transaction
    	 * @return bool
    	 */
    	public static function beginTransaction() {
    		self::connect();
    		if (self::$backend==self::BACKEND_MDB2 && !self::$connection->supports('transactions')) {
    			return false;
    		}
    		self::$connection->beginTransaction();
    		self::$inTransaction=true;
    		return true;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * Commit the database changes done during a transaction that is in progress
    	 * @return bool
    	 */
    	public static function commit() {
    		self::connect();
    		if(!self::$inTransaction) {
    			return false;
    		}
    		self::$connection->commit();
    		self::$inTransaction=false;
    		return true;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * check if a result is an error, works with MDB2 and PDOException
    	 * @param mixed $result
    	 * @return bool
    	 */
    	public static function isError($result) {
    		if(!$result) {
    			return true;
    		}elseif(self::$backend==self::BACKEND_MDB2 and PEAR::isError($result)) {
    			return true;
    		}else{
    			return false;
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * returns the error code and message as a string for logging
    	 * works with MDB2 and PDOException
    	 * @param mixed $error
    	 * @return string
    	 */
    	public static function getErrorMessage($error) {
    		if ( self::$backend==self::BACKEND_MDB2 and PEAR::isError($error) ) {
    			$msg = $error->getCode() . ': ' . $error->getMessage();
    			if (defined('DEBUG') && DEBUG) {
    				$msg .= '(' . $error->getDebugInfo() . ')';
    			}
    		} elseif (self::$backend==self::BACKEND_PDO and self::$PDO) {
    			$msg = self::$PDO->errorCode() . ': ';
    			$errorInfo = self::$PDO->errorInfo();
    			if (is_array($errorInfo)) {
    				$msg .= 'SQLSTATE = '.$errorInfo[0] . ', ';
    				$msg .= 'Driver Code = '.$errorInfo[1] . ', ';
    				$msg .= 'Driver Message = '.$errorInfo[2];
    			}else{
    				$msg = '';
    			}
    		}else{
    			$msg = '';
    		}
    		return $msg;
    	}
    }
    
    /**
     * small wrapper around PDOStatement to make it behave ,more like an MDB2 Statement
     */
    class PDOStatementWrapper{
    	/**
    	 * @var PDOStatement
    	 */
    	private $statement=null;
    	private $lastArguments=array();
    
    	public function __construct($statement) {
    		$this->statement=$statement;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * make execute return the result instead of a bool
    	 */
    	public function execute($input=array()) {
    		$this->lastArguments=$input;
    		if(count($input)>0) {
    			$result=$this->statement->execute($input);
    		}else{
    			$result=$this->statement->execute();
    		}
    		if($result) {
    			return $this;
    		}else{
    			return false;
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * provide numRows
    	 */
    	public function numRows() {
    		$regex = '/^SELECT\s+(?:ALL\s+|DISTINCT\s+)?(?:.*?)\s+FROM\s+(.*)$/i';
    		if (preg_match($regex, $this->statement->queryString, $output) > 0) {
    			$query = OC_DB::prepare("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {$output[1]}", PDO::FETCH_NUM);
    			return $query->execute($this->lastArguments)->fetchColumn();
    		}else{
    			return $this->statement->rowCount();
    		}
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * provide an alias for fetch
    	 */
    	public function fetchRow() {
    		return $this->statement->fetch();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * pass all other function directly to the PDOStatement
    	 */
    	public function __call($name, $arguments) {
    		return call_user_func_array(array($this->statement, $name), $arguments);
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * Provide a simple fetchOne.
    	 * fetch single column from the next row
    	 * @param int $colnum the column number to fetch
    	 */
    	public function fetchOne($colnum = 0) {
    		return $this->statement->fetchColumn($colnum);
    	}
    }